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When the measles epidemic returns, where should humanity go?
In the winter of 2018, scientists from the University of Pittsburgh Vaccine Research Center stated that the number of measles patients in Europe reached the highest level in 20 years; then why should you worry about measles? Some people think that measles is a benign childhood disease. Causes a rash, runny nose and other symptoms. Researchers say that the measles virus has caused tens of millions of children to die in history, and now that the measles epidemic reappears, this threat seems to be back.
Measles is a highly contagious disease. Sometimes it spreads among people like wildfires. When it was first discovered, the measles virus caused a large number of deaths of Native Americans. Because people brought Europeans to the New World of America, the disease did not Natural immunity, it is speculated that up to 95% of Native Americans died of smallpox measles and other infectious diseases. In the 1960s, measles in the United States infected 3 million to 4 million people each year, more than 48,000 people were admitted to the hospital for the infection, and about 4,000 people suffered from encephalitis. Up to 500 people will die from complications such as pneumonia and encephalitis. This is why vaccine pioneers John Enders and Thomas Peebles have developed a transformative measles vaccine that improves human health. Parents who know the severity of measles will give it to themselves as soon as possible. Of children are vaccinated, the acceptance rate in developed countries continues to rise, while the number of cases and deaths has plummeted.
In 1985, when the researcher John Enders died, more than 1 million children died of measles virus infection in the world. Now measles has become a disease that can be prevented by vaccination. The World Health Organization is promoting the solution of this problem. A lot of effort. The author (Professor Paul Duprex of the University of Pittsburgh) has been studying measles virus since 1996. At present, more than 500,000 children die of measles every year in the world. It is difficult to digest such a large number for a while. Due to the vaccination, the mortality rate of measles patients dropped by 84% between 2000 and 2016, and more than 20 million deaths can be prevented through vaccination. The widespread use of measles vaccines in developing countries now means that measles infections and deaths caused by them will become fewer and fewer. The United States eliminated measles in 2000, and the last infected person died in 2015.
Effectiveness of vaccination
These successes do not mean that the measles has disappeared or the virus has become weak. Through years of observation and research on the measles virus, to understand what happens when it rages in the infected host, researchers are full of respect for the virus, measles The genetic material of viruses is 19,000 times smaller than that of humans. What's more ironic is that the neglect of measles infection due to the success of vaccination has brought new challenges to humans.
What we need to realize is that millions of children died of measles every year in the 1990s. Most of them did not live in developed countries. During that time, people in the United States and Europe were generally aware of the risk of vaccination. The effect means that after most people receive the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR), they will get real protection, and two doses of the vaccine can effectively block 97% of infections.
In 2019, what impact will one of the most infectious pathogens in the world have on people who have not been vaccinated? Humans tend to be selective after experiencing measles incidents. Some people do not realize that humans are fighting The value and role of some tools created in the infectious disease war, and there are also unproven claims that the MMR vaccine is related to the onset of autism, multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease. Cases anywhere in the world may lead to a global epidemic. While enjoying life, we may also be aware of the danger of measles coming back.
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